This project belongs to the field of environmental protection, specifically research on the application of rural pollution control technology. The indiscriminate discharge of domestic sewage in rural areas has led to increasingly severe water pollution problems. In response to the characteristics of high nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, large shock loads, and dispersed sources of pollution in rural wastewater, this project has developed a simple, economical, and efficient ecological treatment technology system for rural domestic sewage over nearly ten years. It has compiled and issued technical guidelines and specifications for engineering construction, achieving large-scale promotion and application. The project has the following innovations: 1. Developed an artificial wetland phosphorus and nitrogen removal technology. Established the relationship between the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and nitrification oxygen demand (NOD) of the substrate layer, set up atmospheric reoxygenation corridors and air transmission conduits according to the sewage load to provide the required amount of oxygen, innovated the operation mode with variable inundation water levels, effectively regulated the aerobic, anoxic, and anaerobic reaction environments of the wetland, and solved the problems of phosphorus and nitrogen removal in artificial wetlands. 2. Developed a technology for preventing clogging in artificial wetlands. The composition of the wetland blockage was clarified, and the domesticated Lumbricus rubellus was trained to feed on proteins and polysaccharides in the blockages, increasing the nucleic acid content in the substrate. The blockages were transferred to the surface of the substrate through worm feces, effectively extending the working cycle of artificial wetland wastewater treatment. For the first time, a anti-blocking replaceable modular substrate was developed, determining the optimal design porosity and aggregate ratio of the modular substrate. The water distribution effect was better than that of ordinary substrates, solving the difficult problem of rapid restoration after wetland blockage. 3. An ecological aeration stabilization pond technology was developed, optimizing the configuration of flow field, sludge concentration, and aeration volume, using an intermittent aeration rate of 1:2 with the optimal retention time of 4-6 days. Water hyacinth was introduced and its density controlled at 10-30 kg/m2, while adding blast furnace slag floating beds at a usage of 2.5 kg/m3, opening up new ways for rural wastewater treatment tailored to local conditions. 4. An ecological treatment technology for sludge and water hyacinth was developed. Optimizing the configuration ratio of aeration ponds and wetland areas, determining the sludge inlet time, retention time, and wetland load relationship, achieved harmless treatment of sludge. By pressing, water hyacinth residue and liquid were separated, and after static anaerobic fermentation, the liquid met the requirements of the standards for macroelement soluble fertilizers. After composting water hyacinth residue with pig manure in a 6:4 ratio for 30-40 days, it met the agricultural standards. It was applied to the cultivation of dwarf green beans, corn, and ground beans king, and compared with the control plots, there was a significant improvement in crop growth and yield, providing technical support for the agricultural resource utilization of water hyacinth. This project integrates three sets of wastewater treatment optimization combination processes: 'Chemical Enhanced Flocculation-Artificial Wetland', 'Complex Anaerobic-Artificial Wetland', and 'Chemical Enhanced Flocculation-Soil Leaching'. A pilot engineering base has been established in Qingcun Town, Fengxian District. Demonstration projects have been established in four key areas: Chongming Forest Park, Qianwei Village, Yingdong Village, and Gangxi Town. The technology has been comprehensively promoted and applied in Guoyuan Village of Xinchang Town, Pudong New Area, where the sewage treatment rate has reached 100%. The technical system developed in this project has also been applied and promoted in other areas such as Qingpu and Jiading in Shanghai, Yandang Mountain Area in Zhejiang, Jinggangshan in Jiangxi, and Huangshan in Anhui. All effluent indicators meet discharge standards, and the water volume of demonstration and application projects has reached 31,530 m3/d, significantly improving the water quality of receiving rivers. Construction costs and operating costs can be saved by more than half, achieving efficient, simple, and economical goals. 50 papers have been published, including 18 SCI and EI papers, 7 authorized invention patents, 2 utility model patents, and 2 application for invention patents. The "Shanghai Rural Domestic Sewage Treatment Technology Guide" (Hu Jian Jiao Lian (2008) No. 538) has been compiled. The 'Technical Regulations for Sewage Treatment in Constructed Wetlands' (DG/TJ08-2100-2012; J12086-2012) were jointly issued and implemented by the Municipal Construction Commission, Municipal Water Affairs Bureau, Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, and Municipal Greening and Sanitation Bureau. This has made Shanghai's rural sewage treatment a leading example nationwide, promoted the improvement of the ecological environment in the suburbs of Shanghai, and achieved significant social benefits. The 'Technical Regulations for Drainage Engineering in Towns (Villes) and Villages' (CJJ124-2008) were issued and implemented by the Ministry of Construction, which is of great significance for promoting China's rural water environment management work.