This topic is supported by the key project of the 'Eleventh Five-Year' National Science and Technology Support Plan, as a sub-topic within the research and demonstration on 'Ecological Construction and Management of Urban Green Spaces'. The urbanization in China has brought historic opportunities and challenges. In the process of urbanization, how to achieve an optimized coupling where urban green spaces promote each other's development, and to seek theoretical, methodological, and technical approaches for the structured, dynamic, and ecological construction of urban green spaces, has become a major focus of research and practice in both domestic and international green space systems planning. Among them, green space ecological network planning is at the forefront of this field to date. Theoretical research on the spatial structure ecological networking of urban green spaces in China is still at the initial stage, and practical applications are extremely lacking. The lack of spatial structure ecological networking leads to difficulties in fully leveraging the ecological functions of green spaces. The optimization of green space ecological functions is even more a theoretical discussion than a practical application, making it difficult to achieve. The construction of urban green spaces lacks quantitative planning theory support and lacks optimized techniques and standards for the pattern and network of urban green spaces guided by ecological functions, which are in line with rapid urbanization development. This has led to many urban green space constructions being in a state of high human intervention for a long time, not only failing to fully leverage their ecological benefits but also causing constructive damage to the regional landscape pattern. The research topic focuses on the spatial structure and ecological function optimization of urban green spaces, and its main content consists of three parts: 1) Research on key technologies for the ecological coupling between urban green spaces and urban development; 2) Research on expansion models and dynamic simulation technology for urban green spaces; 3) Research on key technologies for optimizing the ecological functions of green spaces based on ecological network construction. The project has innovated in several aspects: 1) Established an evaluation theory for the coupling of urban green spaces with urban space; 2) The research results include: 1) Submitting the 'Technical Regulations for Urban Green Space Spatial Suitability Evaluation' to the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development; 2) Submitting the 'Guidelines for Ecological Network Evaluation, Pattern Recognition, and Planning Design of Urban Green Spaces' to the Standardization Department; 3) Completing the 'Urban Green Space Ecological Network System Auxiliary Planning Software V1.0', 'Urban Green Space Evolution Simulation Software Based on Multi-Agent Cellular Automata', The development and compilation of the software 'Urban Green Space Multi-objective Planning Scheme Automatic Generation Technology V1.0' and 'Urban Green Space Spatial Development Decision Technical Support System V1.0', both of which have obtained computer software copyright registration certificates; 4) Applied for two patents, 'Quantitative Analysis Method for Urban Green Space Expansion Based on Green Space Growth Index' and 'Dynamic Evolution Simulation Prediction Method for Urban Green Space'; 5) Established seven experimental bases in Shanghai, Wuxi, Changzhou, Yangzhou, Shenyang, and Hubei; 6) Published 20 papers, including 4 SCI and EI-indexed articles; 7) Completed two monographs, 'Research on Key Technologies for Optimizing Spatial Structure and Ecological Function of Urban Green Space (Monograph/Conference Proceedings)' and 'Urban Green Space System Planning'; 8) Trained a leading academic, one postdoctoral fellow, five doctoral students, twenty master's students, and over 100 local talents. The research of this topic is of great significance for assisting urban planners in regulating the quantity of green spaces and rational spatial layout. Accurate prediction and simulation of the quantity and spatial layout of urban green spaces are conducive to the effective implementation of various urban constructions, meet the needs of residents' lives, and also meet the needs of urban planning in terms of landscape ecology significance. All the achievements of this topic have been effectively applied and have produced extensive environmental and social benefits.