The Ministry of Science and Technology's international cooperation and exchange project "Molecular and Signaling Mechanisms Determining the Pluripotency and Other Biological Characteristics of Multipotent Stem Cells (2011DFA30480)" was completed in collaboration between Tongji University and the University of California, Los Angeles. The project primarily focused on the molecular and signaling mechanisms that determine the pluripotency biological characteristics of multipotent stem cells, revealing the regulatory roles and new mechanisms of miRNAs and other factors in inducing the formation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and the differentiation of stem cells into neurons. This research not only provides guidance on how to obtain high-quality iPSCs during the reprogramming process but also offers the possibility of generating therapeutic precursor cells by differentiating stem cells into neurons. The project has published 20 high-level SCI papers in journals such as PNAS, CellRes, and StemCells, trained one doctoral student, and four master's students. The project leader has been honored as the Chief Scientist of the Major Scientific Research Plan by the Ministry of Science and Technology, a Leading Talent in Youth Science and Technology Innovation by the Ministry of Education, one of Shanghai's first ten "Scientific Research Stars," received special government allowances from the State Council, introduced several outstanding young talents and related technologies, established a solid team for stem cell and epigenetics research, and was invited to participate in stem cell and epigenetics seminars in Australia, Israel, Taiwan, etc., to promote exchanges and cooperation. Many key members of this project have conducted cooperative research with multiple enterprises and institutions, established close-knit translational medicine centers with the Affiliated First Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Tongji University and the 10th People's Hospital of Shanghai to jointly study scientific issues encountered in clinical practice, and also carried out scientific research cooperation with several hospitals such as the Second Military Medical University Affiliated Changhai Hospital, Xinhua Hospital, and Changhai Hospital, promoting the industrialization of stem cell-related high-tech industries. The laboratory has currently obtained the hosting or participation in multiple 973 major projects, which are all related to stem cell pluripotency maintenance differences and the directed differentiation of stem cells into neural cells for the treatment of neurological diseases. These projects have promoted the resolution of key scientific and technological issues in national science and technology plan projects and major special projects, and have improved the research and development level of the projects.