This project belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering technology, with the research object being a new type of civil engineering structure: landfills. Currently, in China, large and simple-type landfills are generally plagued by environmental disasters such as leakage and explosion of landfill gases, seepage and diffusion of leachate, and deformation and instability of the waste pile. Therefore, China urgently needs to study key technologies for the control of landfill instability disasters and pollution, in order to ultimately meet the country's significant demand for 'harmlessness, minimization, and resource utilization' in the disposal of urban waste. In response to China's high-kitchen waste and high-moisture content garbage, this project aims to improve resource utilization, reduce disaster risks, and control environmental pollution. It employs a series of methods including experiments, theory, and numerical simulations. After nearly 10 years of joint scientific research and engineering practice by industry, academia, and research institutions, a set of technologies for the control of landfill instability disasters and pollution under complex conditions has been formed. Successfully solved the technical difficulties of controlling landfill disasters and environmental issues, meeting the requirements for safe design operation and full life maintenance of disaster-resistant pollution control in garbage landfills. The innovative achievements of the project are as follows: (1) In terms of the laws of coupled liquid-gas transport within the landfill and control technology, a leachate production calculation formula based on the production mechanism and water balance, as well as a leachate drainage and combined recharge design method, were proposed, solving problems such as poor leachate drainage effect and high water level in typical landfills in China; a gas recovery design method under complex pumping conditions in stratified landfills was proposed; an interaction model of chemical field, stress field, temperature field, and seepage field within the landfill was established, and a liquid-gas transport control technology based on multi-field coupling was proposed. (2) In terms of the instability mechanism of landfills and disaster control technology, large-scale static and dynamic triaxial tests of garbage bodies were conducted, The paper proposes the shear strength index, dynamic shear modulus, and damping ratio values for typical garbage soil in China; through large-scale interface shear tests, it reveals the shear failure mechanism of the bottom liner at landfills, establishes a geotextile interface elastoplastic damage constitutive model, and proposes a design method for landfill instability along the bottom liner; it also establishes a dynamic response and permanent deformation calculation model for landfills, and proposes seismic safety control design criteria for landfills. (3) In terms of the mechanism of leachate pollutants breaching anti-pollution barriers and their service performance evaluation, it reveals the adsorption mechanism of impermeable materials on pollutants, and establishes a database of permeability, diffusion, and adsorption characteristics of leachate pollutants in impermeable materials; it is the first time internationally to establish a migration model considering the coupling of pollutant leakage and diffusion within geomembranes, and proposes a composite liner service life evaluation standard based on the breakthrough time of main pollutants. (4) In terms of the improvement mechanism and design methods of anti-pollution barriers, this project has revealed the improvement mechanism based on biochar and soil materials, and discovered the important phenomenon that loess plays its strong adsorption capacity first in the mixture of loess, silt, and bentonite; it has proposed anti-pollution barrier improvement methods based on biochar and loess and other soil materials, and established design criteria for anti-pollution barriers based on permeability, diffusion, and adsorption properties. This project has authorized and applied for 23 patents (including 6 authorized invention patents and 11 utility model patents); it has published a total of 113 papers domestically and internationally, with 47 being included in SCI and 90 in EI, and been cited 497 times domestically and internationally. It has published 3 monographs and participated in the compilation of 1 industry standard. The project has been supported by the Ministry of Education, The novelty search report issued by the Shanghai municipal novelty search institution, 'Tongji University Science and Technology Novelty Search Station', indicates that the scientific research achievements of this project are significantly innovative compared to domestic and international literature. In recent years, these achievements have been successfully applied in landfill projects such as Shanghai Laogang, Xi'an Jiangcun Gully, and Suzhou Qizishan, achieving direct economic benefits of approximately 210 million RMB. With the widespread construction of urban garbage landfill projects in China and the increasing requirements for pollution prevention and control, the promotion of this project's complete set of technologies will generate even greater economic, social, and environmental benefits.