Project Introduction: This project mainly conducts energy-saving research and analysis on storage and transportation facilities and the overall operation of oil depots from the perspectives of design, construction, and operational aspects. It aims to address the current reality of high operating costs and significant energy consumption in domestic oil depots. Based on the study of physical properties of crude oil and related materials and temperature field simulation, research is conducted on insulation technology for storage and transportation facilities, including insulation technology for double-disc floating roof tanks, tank wall insulation technology, and pipeline insulation technology. The insulation technology for the floating roof has been applied for patent, with the application number 200910024185.1. Optimization of oil depot operating parameters is also a key link to achieve energy-saving effects. The optimal operating parameters refer to the various operational parameters under which the energy consumption is minimized during the operation of the oil depot, including the optimal storage temperature, optimal loading temperature, and efficient flow area of the oil transfer pump. In addition, research on heating schemes also plays an important role. The main content includes the comparison of calculations for electric heating and steam heating, as well as intermittent heating and continuous heating. Based on the above research, related research achievements are compiled into an expert system to provide decision-making support for the overall operation of crude oil storage and transportation facilities at any time, achieving scientific management. The functions of the expert system mainly include: basic parameter input and output module, tank temperature field distribution calculation module, pipeline temperature field distribution calculation module, oil product thermal properties calculation module, and operation mode decision-making module. Energy saving benefits and application examples: Optimization calculations for tank design and operation show that there are areas in the existing tank design and operation that need improvement. By adopting the solutions provided by this project, energy savings can be effectively achieved. Assuming a certain oil depot has 30 storage tanks with a capacity of 105 cubic meters, the specific energy saving benefits are as follows: For the floating roof insulation scheme, it is estimated that annual energy consumption can be saved by up to 15 million yuan; Storage temperature optimization is expected to save up to 9 million in annual energy consumption; tank wall insulation layer optimization for each individual tank is estimated to save 3.6 million in annual energy consumption; the optimal heating method for storage tanks is expected to save 3 million in annual energy consumption; ship loading temperature optimization, for highly viscous crude oil with significant changes in properties with temperature, is expected to save 2.7 million in energy consumption during loading; pipeline heat tracing scheme optimization is expected to save 75,000 in annual energy consumption. Application example: Currently, Dalian Port Oil Terminal Company has implemented related technologies, such as the use of expert systems, and painting a certain thickness of insulation coating on the floating roof of newly built 150,000 cubic meter storage tanks as required. There are a total of 35 105 cubic meter storage tanks in the tank area. If all optimizations are put into use, it is estimated that the annual energy savings will reach about 30 million yuan.